Description
The Geophagus Pearl Horseface (Geophagus brasiliensis), also known as the Pearl Cichlid, is a striking and intelligent South American cichlid prized for its shimmering, iridescent scales and distinctive “horseface” profile. Native to the slow-moving rivers and lakes of Brazil, this species is known for its sand-sifting behaviour, using its powerful jaws to search through substrate for food. Though beautiful, the Pearl Horseface can be territorial—especially during breeding—making it best suited to spacious aquariums with well-chosen tank mates.
Features of the Geophagus Pearl Horseface
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Grows up to 25–30 cm in length
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Pearlescent body with blue, green, and pink iridescence, especially on the gill plates and flanks
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Sloped forehead and elongated snout give it a distinctive “horseface” profile
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Known for digging and sifting sand through the gills
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Intelligent and interactive with keepers, but can be territorial with other fish
The Best Aquarium Size for Geophagus Pearl Horseface
A minimum tank size of 300 litres is recommended due to the adult size and active nature of this species. Provide ample horizontal space and open substrate areas for digging, along with defined territories and hiding spaces.
Tank Mate Compatibility for Geophagus Pearl Horseface
This cichlid does best with other large, robust South American species that can hold their own. Avoid housing with small, delicate, or highly aggressive tank mates. Suitable companions include:
Diet for Geophagus Pearl Horseface
Omnivorous with a strong preference for protein-rich foods. Feed a varied diet including sinking cichlid pellets, bloodworms, brine shrimp, and occasional blanched vegetables. Sand-sifting allows them to forage naturally—use fine substrate to support this behaviour.
Aquarium Setup for Geophagus Pearl Horseface
Aquarium Filtration
Strong mechanical and biological filtration is essential due to their size and digging habits. Canister or sump filters are ideal to maintain water clarity and quality.
Aquarium Plants
Use hardy, well-anchored plants like Java Fern or Anubias attached to driftwood. Be cautious—many rooted plants may be uprooted during digging.
Aquarium Lighting
Moderate to bright lighting enhances their iridescent scales, though subdued lighting may help reduce territorial stress.
Aquarium Heating
Maintain temperatures between 24°C and 28°C, mimicking their warm, tropical river habitat.
Aquarium Substrate
Fine sand is ideal to allow natural sifting behaviour and protect their gill structures. Avoid sharp or coarse substrates.
Aquarium Decorations
Include driftwood, large rocks, and caves to create secure territories and reduce aggression. Open sandy areas should be left clear for foraging.
