Description
Polypterus senegalus, commonly known as the Senegal Bichir or Dinosaur Bichir, is an ancient freshwater fish species native to slow-moving rivers and floodplains across West and Central Africa. Known for its eel-like body, armoured scales, and ability to breathe atmospheric air via a modified swim bladder, the Senegal Bichir is both visually striking and biologically unique. This bottom-dwelling predator is best suited for experienced aquarists maintaining large, secure aquariums with appropriate tank mates and hiding spaces.
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Features of a Platinum Senegal Bichir
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Grows up to 35 cm in length in captivity
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Elongated, cylindrical body with dorsal finlets and strong pectoral fins
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Colour ranges from pale grey to white
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Nocturnal and semi-aggressive; best kept singly or with large, non-aggressive species
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Capable of surviving in low-oxygen environments using air-breathing adaptations
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Lifespan of 10–15 years with proper care
The Best Aquarium Size for Senegal Bichir
A minimum tank size of 200 litres is required for a juvenile Senegal Bichir, though adults should ideally be housed in aquariums of 300 litres or more. The aquarium must feature a secure, tight-fitting lid, as Bichirs are known to escape through small openings.
Suitable aquariums to consider include:
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Tank Mate Compatibility for Senegal Bichir
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Silver Dollar Fish
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Oscar Cichlid
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Fire Eel
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Sailfin Pleco
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Clown Knife Fish
Diet for Senegal Bichir
Carnivorous by nature, Senegal Bichirs require a protein-rich diet. Feed sinking carnivore pellets, frozen or live foods such as bloodworms, earthworms, krill, and small pieces of fish or shrimp. Avoid feeder fish due to the risk of disease transmission. Feed at night or during low-light conditions to match their natural behaviour.
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Aquarium Setup Senegal Bichir
Aquarium Filtration
Use a strong canister or internal filter with moderate flow to maintain water quality. While they tolerate a range of conditions, stable, clean water is essential for long-term health.
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Aquarium Plants
Live plants may be uprooted or ignored. Choose hardy, anchored species like Java fern or use floating plants. Most aquarists opt for minimal or artificial planting in Bichir setups.
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Aquarium Lighting
Dim to moderate lighting suits their nocturnal behaviour. Avoid overly bright setups and include shaded areas or floating plants to provide cover.
Consider Zetlight LED aquarium lighting that is adjustable.
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Aquarium Heating
Maintain a temperature range of 24–28 °C using a high-quality submersible heater. Stability is critical, especially in larger aquariums.
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Aquarium Substrate
Use soft sand or smooth gravel to protect the Bichir’s sensitive underbelly. Bare-bottom tanks are also an option for ease of maintenance.
A variety of Substrates are available at Coburg Aquarium.
Aquarium Decorations
Provide ample hiding spots using large driftwood, PVC tubes, and rock caves. Decorations should be stable and offer low light refuge. Ensure no sharp edges are present that could damage their skin.
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