Description
Tupong (Pseudaphritis urvillii)
The Tupong, also known as the Congolli, is a hardy, bottom-dwelling species native to the estuarine and freshwater systems of southeastern Australia and Tasmania. As a temperate fish with an amphidromous life cycle, it can tolerate a range of salinities, making it suitable for carefully maintained brackish or freshwater aquaria. Known for its cryptic colouring and ambush-hunting behaviour, the Tupong appeals to aquarists seeking an unconventional native species that displays intriguing ecological adaptations.
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Features of a Tupong
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Elongated, cylindrical body with a slightly flattened head
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Cryptic brown to olive mottled colouration for camouflage
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Can grow up to 30 cm in length in captivity
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Small, subterminal mouth adapted for benthic feeding
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Nocturnal and reclusive, prefers hiding in structure
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Amphidromous—naturally moves between fresh and brackish water
The Best Aquarium Size for a Tupong
A single adult Tupong requires an aquarium of at least 200 litres to allow for appropriate swimming space and environmental complexity. As a solitary or loosely territorial species, additional individuals require significant additional space and visual barriers to reduce stress.
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Tank Mate Compatibility for Tupong
Tank mates must be robust, temperate-water species that do not compete aggressively for the same benthic niche. Suitable companions include:
Avoid small, delicate species or those requiring tropical conditions.
Diet for a Tupong
A carnivorous predator, the Tupong requires a diet rich in protein. Feed:
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Live or frozen invertebrates (bloodworms, brine shrimp, blackworms)
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Small fish or shrimp (as occasional treats)
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Sinking carnivore pellets or soft-frozen foods formulated for benthic predators
Feed 3–4 times weekly; avoid overfeeding to maintain water quality.
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Aquarium Setup for a Tupong
Aquarium Filtration
A strong, adjustable-flow filter is essential. Use external canister filtration to maintain high water quality without disturbing the substrate.
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Aquarium Plants
Use tough, low-light tolerant species such as Vallisneria or Bolbitis. Floating plants like duckweed can help diffuse lighting.
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Aquarium Lighting
Dim to moderate lighting is preferred to mimic the Tupong’s natural habitat and reduce stress.
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Aquarium Heating
Maintain water temperature between 14–20°C. Heating is typically unnecessary unless ambient temperatures drop significantly.
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Aquarium Substrate
Fine gravel or sand is ideal. Tupong frequently rests on the substrate and may dig or forage.
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Aquarium Decorations
Incorporate rock piles, driftwood, and PVC pipes to provide cover and territories. These structures reduce aggression and support the species’ secretive nature.
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